A cobpobation of bela



July 6 1926. I

. Re. 16,375 v R. F. SMITH- ENERGY TRANSLATING DEVICE v Orizihal Filed May 22, 1915 r a: .a/

a o a! a 2 I conuss ENG/IVE 2/! Jig 1 MIMI L l 6'0 Eh "translating device including circuit of constant Reisaued July 6, 1926.

UNIT/ED, s-T Tss naenuLn 1'. mm, or cusnmo, oxnanoua, assrcnon ro ALLIS-GEALHlil-S mu- PATENT." OFFICE.

I rac'runnwe comm, 'or mwaum, wrsconsm, a coaroaa'rron or nfna- Original Io. 1,219,700, and September :4, 101a, Serial reissue filed Kay 15, 1826.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction and operation of energy translating devices for furnishing energy with one or more constant characteristics.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved form of energy translatin device utilizing an expansible fluid and w 'ch is simple in construction and'eflicient in operation, and which is adapted to furnish en- 10 ergy with one or more substantially constant characteristics. Several of the more ispecific objects of the invention are as folows:

To provide an improved form of energy an engine ac- ;tuated by an expansible flu and effective to :absorb and translate energy of such fluid durin'g a drop in the pressure thereof to a desired value at which said fluid is adapted to be utilized in an auxiliary energy absorber, energy translated bz t e engine being utilized and the speedv f the engine being maintained constant through a synchronous alternating current erator connected to a equency, and wherein the engine is adapted to de iver a variable amount of energy -to the auxiliary ener absorber while maintaining substantia y constant one or more characteristics of the 8 energy delivered.

To combine with a heat engine having its (1 controlled by an external agency as escribed hereinabove, meansfor control ling both the pressure and the temperature 85 of the engine exhaust. To control the energy supplied to the engineof an energy; translating device of the Ch8I'llQt6IYdeSO11 d hereinabove, by variations in characteristics of the engine ex- 4 haust.

A clear conception of several embodiments of the invention may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and formin a part of this specification in which 46 like re erence' characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views.

Figure 1 is an elevation of a Corliss engine cylinder showing means for control ,lin the power delivered by the engine by varlations in the temperature and pressure of the exhaust, the controlling means being shown partly in section.

The auxilia heaters ,in a woolen-or cotton mser-rms m'rnm nnvrcn.

Serial no. 100,439.

Fig. 2 is'a diagrammatic disclosure of a system involving an application of the present'invention. I

Referring specifically to Fig. 2, the main power line 7 is normally supplied with power y main generators 5, 6, driven by energy translating devices or heat engines 2, 3, respectively. In Fig. 2 the energy translatmg devices are shown as heat engines or steam turbines 2, 3, while the generators 5, ti are disclosed as of the polyphase alternatmg current type It is not, however, intended to limit the present invention by such disclosure as other forms of ener translating devices and mentors W1 the scope of the appended claims, might be substituted for those disclosed, providingthey operate in synchronism to thus definitely establish and maintain a constant frequency of the electrical energy of the power line and lb. 'aoaas, filed Kay 2:. 1915. as... m-

to determine the constant speed of one of them supplying a heating system. An auxiliary energy. translating device or heat engine, disclosed in Fig. 2 as a steam turbine 1, and in Fig. 1 as a Corliss engine 21, is drivingly connected to an auxiliary generator 4, which is of the polyphase synchronous alternating current type and delivers its wer to the main power line 7. The auxihary heat engine or turbine 1 is supplied with motive fluid through the inlet pipe 8, the flow of motive fluid being controllable by means of a throttle valve 18.

heat engine or turbine 1 delivers its ex aust into an exhaust pipe 9, which leads to a low pressure heater 10, or to some other oint at "which it is desired to utilize the e aus't steam. The subject of industrial'ap lication of the steam which is shown as a ow pressure heater 10, may be either a heating system, a cookiilllg device,

In a

other device for utilizing low pressure steam at a substantially constant temperature or ressure. While it is desired in the present isclosure, to maintain the pressure and the temperature substantially constant it may sometimes be desirable in some forms of heat engines to maintain only one of'these characteristics substantially constant irrespective of variations in the other, such departure from the present operation within or any the scope of the appended claims, being withinthe scope of the present invention:

The turbine 1 is provided'with a. safety governor 12 which is so set either by weightmg or otherwise, setting the same, that its collar will remain in engagement with a stop 23 and will leave this stop and act upon the throttle valve 18 only upon abnormal speed changes. The collar of the governor 12 engages and serves as a fulcrum for'an end.

has an end engaging a flange of the plunger 14 and has its opposite end reacting against the adjustable spring support 16. The plunger 14 is movable in opposition to the pressure of the spring 15 by means of fluid pressure applied to the interior of the plllunger 14 and of the abutment 17, throu h t e turbine exhaust 9. The spring support 16 is adjustable to vary the pressure exerted by the springs .15 upon the plunger 14 by any suitable means, such as an electric adjusting motor or a handwheel. This adjust ment of the spring 15 provides means for adjusting the position of the throttle valve 18 to establish a predetermined constant pressure in the exhaust pipe 9.

In the arran ement of elements disclosed in Fig. 1, the eat engine is disclosed as a Corliss engine 21, having knock-off levers 19, 20, for controlling the admission of steam to, and consequently the power furnished by, the engine. The steam is admitted to the Corliss valves in the usual manner by means of a steam pipe 28, being exhausted from the en ine 21 through an exhaust pipe 29. The orliss engine 21 is prevented from over-speeding by means of a fiy-ball governor 212, which is so set by weighting or otherwise, as to come into action only upon excessive changes in speed. The floating lever 33 which engages and normally utilizes the collar of the governor 212 as a fulcrum, has its mid portion connected by means of a link 32 to the upper end of the movable cup-shaped plunger 34. The plunger 34 is reciprocable upon the stationary abutment 38, the interior of which, as well as the interior of the lunger, being filled with oil. The free en of the lever 33 is connected by means of'suitable linkage to the knock-ofi' levers 19, 20, so that any movement of the lever 33 caused by movement of either the plunger 34 or the governor collar,

is transmitted to the knock-ofi' levers 19, 20,

to change the point of cut oil.

. The exhaust pipe 29 is connected b means of a pipe 211 to the upper end 0 an oil chamber 30. The oil chamber 30 is subipe 11 which communicates with t a stantially filled with oil and has a pipe 31 connecting the lower portion of the oil bath with the upper interior portion of the abutment 38. The pressure exerted by the exhaust steam in the exhaust pipe 29 is transmitted through the pipe 211 to the upper surface of the oil in the chamber 30, being 'further transmitted by this oil through the pipe 31 to the upper interior surface of the plunger 34. The helical spring 35 has its upper end engaging a flange on the plunger 34 and has its opposite end reacting against the adjustable spring support 36. The support 36 is adjustable to vary the spring presof the knock-ofl levers may be readily varied to establish a predetermined constant pressure and temperature in the exhaust pipe 29.

During the normal operation of the system as disclosedin Fig. 2, the turbines 2, 3, and the generators 5, 6, are supplying current to the main power line 7. If no steam is being utilized at the low pressure heater 10, the throttle valve 18 of the auxiliary heat engine or turbine 1 is closed and the switch 50 connecting the 'enerator 4 with the main line 7 is preferab y opened. It the switch 50, at times when no steam is being utilized in the low pressure heater 10 is closed, the

generator 4 will be operated as a synchronous motor and will be driving the turbine 1,

this being an unusual condition of operation.

of the system. As such acondition of operation is undesirable, if no steam is to be utilized in the heater for any length'of time, it is preferable to out out the generator 4 from the main line 7 by opening the switch 50 until it is again desired to utilize the low pressure steam.

When it is heater, the switch 50 is closed and the throttle valve 18 is opened until the desired pressure and temperature is established in the exhaust pipe 9. The pressure in the desired to use steam in the disclosed in Fig. 2. The engine is started by manipulat' the throttle in the usual manner and a ustin the spring support 36, either bymeans o the motor 37 or the hand-wheel 39, after which the position of the knock-ofl' levers 19, 20, is automatically controlled by the steam pressure in the, exhaust ipe 29 acting through the pipe 211 oil cham r- 30, ipe 31, and plunger 34. If the presure in t e exhaust pipe 29 increases,

p the knock-off levers 19, 20, will be adjusted "of energy supplied to the engine or of the wer delivered by the engine. The reguating device applied to the auxiliary engine for a predetermined setting or ad ustment of the spring, automatically controls the admission of motive fluid so as to maintain substantially constant the pressure and hence the temperature of the exhaust. The slightest varlations in exhaust pressure will act immediately to vary the amount of motive fluid admitted to the engine so as to reestablish the desired exhaust ressure and maintain the same substantia y constant. While in the present disclosure due to the use of steam as a motive-fluid, the maintaining of a constant temperature of the exhaust accompanies maintaininga constant pressure thereof, it will be noted that the exhaust tem rature with the use of other motive flui might also be maintained constant irrespective of the pressure thereof. It will be noted that the s ring 35, may be ad-' justed either to r uce predetermined pressures in the e aust to suit various conditions in the heater or to vary the relation between the energy supplied to, and the energy abstracted by, the engine.

By controlling the speed of the auxiliary heat engine by parallel operation of the alternatlng current generator 4 driven by such engine'with the other synchronously operating alternatin current generating units connected to t e power line 7, .the speed of this engine will be automatically maintained substantiall constant. If, however, the main line 7 s ould fail to receive a supply of current from the generators 5, 6, or if the connection between the generator 4 and the main line 7 should be broken, overspeeding of the auxiliary unit will be prevented by means of the safety governor 1. In combination in a power system, an

energy translating device utilizing an expansible flllld as its motive ener and havmg its exhaust arranged to supp y variable requirements of a device for consuming energy of said exhausted fluid, an alternating current electrical .power circuit, means for supplying thereto alternating current of su stantially constant frequency, a synchronous drivenby said energy translating device and operatively connected to said electrical power circuit, and means responsive to a characteristic associated with the fluid ex hausted from said energy translating device alternating current. generator for controlling the supply of expansible I fluid to said energy translating device.

7 2. In combination in a power system, an ener translating device utilizing an expansible fluid as its motive energy and havmg its exhaust arranged to supply variable requirements of an ener consuming device,

,an alternating current e ectrical power circuit carrying energy of substantially constant frequency, means responsive to an energy characteristic dependent upon vthe fluid discharged from said energy translating device for controlling the supply of expansible fluid to said" energy translating device, and means extraneous to said energy translating device for causing the latter to operate at a substantially constant speed in spite of variation in the amount of energy supplied thereto, said latter means comprising a synchronous alternating current generator operatively connected to said electrical power circuit.

3. In combination in a power system, an-

energy translating device having an inlet for a supply of expansible fluid, an outlet for exhausting said fluid at a lower tension, an alternatin current electrical power circuit, means or supplying energy thereto and maintaining the frequency thereof substantially constant, 'a synchronous alternating current generator operatively connected in power relation to'said energy translatin device and operatively connected to. eat electrical power circuit whereby the freuency of the current in said generator and t e speed of said generator and energy trar islating device are maintained substantially constant, and means dependent upon a characteristic of the fluid exhausted from said outlet for re said ener translating device whereby a characteristic ofthe fluid exhausted from said outlet is maintained in accordance with a predetermined plan.

4. In combination in a power system, an energy translating device having an inlet for a sup ly of expansible fluid and an outlet for ex austing said fluid at a lower tension, an energy consuming device adapted to receive fluid exhausted from said outlet, an alternating current electrical power circuit, means .for supplying energy thereto and maintaining the frequency thereof sub stantially constant, means automatically responsive to a condition attendant upon the fluid exhausted from said energy translatative to utilize the excess of ener ing device for controlling the inlet of said energy translating device, and means operin the fluid supplied to said energy trans ating device beyond that required for said energy consuming device and to maintain the speed of said energy translating device substantially constant in spite of variations in the amount offluid energy supplied thereto, said means comprising a synchronous alternating current generator connected in driven relation to said'energy translating device and electrically connected to said alternating current power circuit.

In testimony whereof, the inventors signature is aflixed hereto.

REGINALD F. SMITH. 

